家庭影院文件格式解码指南：分辨率、编解码器与HDR全解析

Introduction: Decoding Home Theater File Formats (引言：家庭影院文件格式解码)

In the world of home theater, understanding the technical specifications embedded in movie filenames is crucial for achieving the optimal audiovisual experience. This guide provides a comprehensive breakdown of key parameters, empowering users to make informed decisions about their media consumption.

在家庭影院领域，理解电影文件名中嵌入的技术规格对于实现最佳视听体验至关重要。本指南全面解析了关键参数，使用户能够就媒体消费做出明智决策。

Resolution Standards: HD vs. UHD (分辨率标准：高清与超高清)

Currently, two primary resolution standards dominate: 1080P (HD) and 2160P (4K UHD). While 4K UHD is recommended for modern 4K televisions, some older films like Stephen Chow's "Kung Fu Hustle" and the "Infernal Affairs" trilogy lack UHD 4K Blu-ray releases, making 1080P the only available option.

目前，两种主要的分辨率标准占主导地位：1080P（高清）和2160P（4K超高清）。虽然现代4K电视推荐使用4K超高清，但像周星驰的《功夫》和《无间道》三部曲等一些老电影缺乏UHD 4K蓝光发行版，使得1080P成为唯一可用选项。

Movie Sources: WEB-DL从流媒体平台（如奈飞、迪士尼+）直接下载的片源，通常具有中等码率和杜比全景声音频。, BluRay-REMUX源自蓝光碟的片源，去除了花絮和不必要的音轨，保留高码率和无损次世代环绕声。, and BD-RIP (电影片源：WEB-DL从流媒体平台（如奈飞、迪士尼+）直接下载的片源，通常具有中等码率和杜比全景声音频。、BluRay-REMUX源自蓝光碟的片源，去除了花絮和不必要的音轨，保留高码率和无损次世代环绕声。与BD-RIP)

Three common movie sources exist:

WEB-DL从流媒体平台（如奈飞、迪士尼+）直接下载的片源，通常具有中等码率和杜比全景声音频。: Sourced from streaming platforms like Netflix, Disney+, and HBO Max, with peak bitrates around 17 Mbps and Dolby Atmos audio (DDP core). (片源来自奈飞、迪士尼+、HBO Max等流媒体平台，峰值码率约17 Mbps，音频以杜比全景声为主（DDP内核）。)
BluRay-REMUX源自蓝光碟的片源，去除了花絮和不必要的音轨，保留高码率和无损次世代环绕声。: Derived from Blu-ray discs with unnecessary extras and audio tracks removed, offering high bitrates (~80 Mbps) and lossless next-gen surround sound. (源自蓝光碟，去除了不必要的花絮和音轨，提供高码率（约80 Mbps）和无损次世代环绕声。)
BD-RIP: Compressed Blu-ray sources with variable bitrates, depending on encoding groups. (压缩的蓝光源，码率可变，取决于压制组。)

Audio Codecs: From AAC to DTS (音频编解码器：从AAC到DTS)

3.1 AAC/FLAC/LPCM

AAC: Typically stereo with bitrates from 128 Kbps to 640 Kbps, indicating lower overall media quality. (通常为立体声，码率128 Kbps至640 Kbps，表明整体媒体质量较低。)
FLAC: Common in music, with ~800 Kbps bitrates, decoding to PCM format. (音乐中常见，码率约800 Kbps，解码为PCM格式。)
LPCM: Lossless multi-channel PCM format, preserving original audio fidelity. (无损多声道PCM格式，保留原始音频保真度。)

3.2 DD 5.1 and DDP 5.1(ATMOS)

DD 5.1: Basic Dolby Digital 5.1 surround sound, often found in older films. (基础杜比数字5.1环绕声，常见于老电影。)
DDP 5.1(ATMOS): Dolby Digital Plus, frequently paired with WEB-DL从流媒体平台（如奈飞、迪士尼+）直接下载的片源，通常具有中等码率和杜比全景声音频。 sources, supporting Dolby Atmos with bitrates of 640 Kbps or 768 Kbps. (杜比数字增强版，常与WEB-DL从流媒体平台（如奈飞、迪士尼+）直接下载的片源，通常具有中等码率和杜比全景声音频。片源配对，支持杜比全景声，码率640 Kbps或768 Kbps。)

3.3 TrueHD and DTS Family

TrueHD: Lossless next-gen audio track with high bitrates, exclusive to Blu-ray sources. (无损次世代音轨，高码率，仅限蓝光源。)
DTS Family: Includes DTS 5.1 (1,536 Kbps), DTS-HDMA (up to 37 Mbps), and DTS:X (DTS's immersive audio format). (包括DTS 5.1（1,536 Kbps）、DTS-HDMA（最高37 Mbps）和DTS:X（DTS的沉浸式音频格式）。)

Video Codecs: H.264, H.265, and AV1 (视频编解码器：H.264、H.265与AV1)

H.264 (AVC): Often paired with 1080P, offering lower compression efficiency. (常与1080P配对，压缩效率较低。)
H.265 (HEVC)高效视频编解码器，压缩率比H.264高约50%，是4K UHD蓝光和流媒体内容的标准编码。: Standard for 4K UHD Blu-rays and streaming, providing ~50% better compression than H.264. (4K UHD蓝光和流媒体的标准，压缩率比H.264高约50%。)
AV1: Open-source, royalty-free codec led by Google, emerging for 4K/8K content. (谷歌主导的开源、免版税编解码器，用于4K/8K内容。)

HDR Formats: SDR, HDR10, Dolby Vision, and HDR10+ (HDR格式：SDR、HDR10、杜比视界与HDR10+)

5.1 SDR (8-bit)

SDR (Standard Dynamic Range) uses 8-bit color depth, offering basic contrast and brightness. (SDR（标准动态范围）使用8位色深，提供基本对比度和亮度。)

5.2 HDR10 (10-bit)

HDR10 enhances dynamic range with 10-bit color depth, improving detail in dark and bright areas. (HDR10通过10位色深增强动态范围，提升暗部和亮部细节。)

5.3 Dynamic HDR: Dolby Vision and HDR10+

Dolby Vision: Dynamic HDR standard requiring compatible players and displays for accurate color reproduction. (动态HDR标准，需要兼容的播放器和显示器以实现准确色彩还原。)
HDR10+: Similar to Dolby Vision but with fewer available titles, supported by TVs with MediaTek MT9950/9970 chips. (类似于杜比视界，但可用片源较少，由搭载联发科MT9950/9970芯片的电视支持。)

Playback Equipment Recommendations (播放设备推荐)

Players like the Zidoo Z9X support all mentioned audio/video codecs. Most projectors are limited to HDR10, lacking Dolby Vision and HDR10+ compatibility.

像芝杜Z9X这样的播放器支持所有提到的音频/视频编解码器。大多数投影仪仅限于HDR10，缺乏杜比视界和HDR10+兼容性。

Frequently Asked Questions (常见问题)

什么是WEB-DL从流媒体平台（如奈飞、迪士尼+）直接下载的片源，通常具有中等码率和杜比全景声音频。片源？

WEB-DL从流媒体平台（如奈飞、迪士尼+）直接下载的片源，通常具有中等码率和杜比全景声音频。片源来自海外流媒体平台（如奈飞、迪士尼+），码率最高约17 Mbps，音频通常为杜比全景声（DDP内核）。
杜比视界和HDR10有什么区别？

杜比视界是动态HDR标准，每帧可调整亮度和色彩；HDR10是静态HDR标准，整部电影使用同一方案。
如何判断电影是否支持杜比全景声？

查看文件名：如有“ddp 5.1(atmos)”或“TrueHD”且设备支持，则可点亮全景声。
H.265编码有什么优势？

H.265压缩率比H.264高约50%，在相同清晰度下所需码率更低，适合4K内容。
哪些设备支持所有HDR格式？

搭载联发科MT9950/9970芯片的电视（如飞利浦）通常支持杜比视界、HDR10+和HLG，但投影仪多仅支持HDR10。